Soal bahasa inggris

Text 1

We often think it very funny if a film shows a women or a girl screaming and running in fright at the sight of a mouse or a cockroach. But we don‟t consider our own little, secret fears a laughing matter. Perhaps you shiver at the sight of a snake or an eel, cannot bear to hear the sound of jagged metal rubbing against metal, or feel uneasy in a lift. Fortunately, most of us suffer only a mild from of fright about certain things. According to psychiatrists, this is quite normal. It becomes a problem only when the fear develops into a mental condition that affects all aspects of person‟s life. Studies of thousands of people with an abnormal dread show that every time they think about – or come into contact with – the subject of their fear, they show all the physical signs of a person who is facing serious danger : a racing heart, dry mouth, cold sweat and weak knees.

Doctors and psychiatrists welcome publicity about phobias, for this help to convince their patients that their fears are not unique. It reassures the patients to know that there are other people who are afraid of the same thing, and it makes the patients more willing to try to understand what is causing their fear. Once they realize what in their subconscious is causing their fear, they are half-way to being cured. Psychiatrist believe that these unreasonable fears are caused by deep-seated reasons, perhaps a terrifying experience during childhood. One typical case was Mrs. Mary Bachelor, a London housewife who suffered from agoraphobia (fears of open spaces). For twenty-three years, she remains indoors. Following publicity about other agoraphobia cases, she was persuaded to go out for the first time to watch her son perform with a pop group.

Most of us suffer from claustrophobia (fear of being in closed areas) in a mild way, but the real sufferers go about in great fear of being trapped without escape in a lift, in a packed train or in an aircraft. Altogether, there are a hundred and thirty phobias listed in the medical dictionary, ranging from acrophobia (fear of heights) to xenophobia (morbid dislike of foreigners). Some phobias are very odd indeed. There are cases of people who turn cold with terror at the sight of a cabbage leaf, run away in fright at the sight of a bird or faint when they hear a dog bark. There was even a man who refused to eat anything that he knew had been touched by someone who had handled matches.

1. deep seated reasons‟ (line …) most likely means reasons that are _____.

(A) long forgotten

(B) difficult to choose

(D) difficult to realize

(E) flexible to change

2. Fear of certain things will become a problem when the fear _____

(A) disturbs all aspects of the sufferer‟s life

(B) is influenced by a person‟s personality

(D) is reflected in a person‟s daily life

(E) makes the sufferer unfriendly to others

3. The following statements may be the purposes of the writer in writing the text, EXCEPT _____.

(A) to explain the causes of different kinds of phobias

(B) to convince people about the importance of publicity about phobias

(D) to persuade people with abnormal fears to talk to psychiatrist

(E) to inform people about different kinds of phobias

4. To cure their phobias, patients _____.

(A) should take their unusual fear seriously

(B) may have to consider publicity of their fears

(D) try to convince their doctors of their secret fears

(E) try to understand the real cause of their phobias

5. In which of the following combined courses would this passage probably be used as assigned reading?

(A) psychology / sociology

(B) medicine / biology

(D) psychology / medicine

(E) sociology / biology

Text II

(1) _____. (2) That should not be surprising, since the study of music and the study of language have a lot in common. (3) Both require you to have a „good ear‟ – the ability to hear the difference reproduce sounds you have heard. (5) Finally, when you learn music or language, you have to learn complex sets of rules. (6) With language, the rule are about grammar and meaning. (7) in fact, grammar is the rules about how words change their form and combine with other words to make sentences. (8) With music, the rules are about sounds and rhythm. (9) Not surprisingly, researchers have discovered a scientific reason why people are good at music and languages. (10) According to a study done in Germany, you use the same part of the brain for both subjects. (11) This part of the brain is called Broca‟s area. (12) Scientists have known for some time that it is connected to learning languages. (13) Now they believe that it is also the part of the brain you use when you are learning music.

6. The sentence which is irrelevant to the text is sentence number _____

(A) 6

(B) 7

(D) 9

(E) 10

7. With which of the following sentences should the text begin?

(A) We are lucky if we are good at both music and languages.

(B) Many people who are good at music are good at languages as well.

(D) Music and languages are two relevant subjects to learn.

(E) Both music and languages basically apply the same rules.

Text III

Colours, hair, and jewellery are frequently determined by a person‟s sex. This is not always true for all cultures, ad it ii not even true now throughout the United States. In this country, there were protests to bring about a change from these culturally strict norms. The „anti military‟ attitudes of the 1960‟s and the 1970‟s sought to break with the military tradition masculine or „macho‟ position, thus making it more acceptable for men to wear floral designs on their shirts in pinks, purples, violets, and other „feminine colours‟. For some people, long hair and jewellery on men also became acceptable as a means of expressing this changed way of thinking. More facial hair also became common, precisely because it differed from the military norm. The business world, however, has been slow to change. ____________________.

What is the topic of the text?

(A) The change in gender-based attitude in the U.S.

(B) Jewellery as a means of expressing thoughts.

(D) The anti military movement in the U.S.

(E) Various cultures in the world.

9. 60. With which of the following sentences should the text end?

In most offices today, _____

(A) wearing a bright colours, jewellery, and long hair is still not acceptable for men

(B) men and women have the same right in deciding the color of their rooms

(D) bright colours are used in the working areas as well as in the common room

(E) people coming from various cultural backgrounds work hand in hand

Text IV

One of the major achievements of modern science is the determination of the approximate age of the Earth, now reckoned at 4.6 billion years. This makes the Earth far older than was ___(60)___ imagined. Indeed, one eighteenth century religious and scientific authority circulated the widely ___(61)___ view that the planet was only some four thousand years old. To modern scientists, ___(62)___ , geologic time begins with the formation of the Earth‟s solid crust sometime earlier than the age of the oldest known rock. Geologists divide this vat expanse of time into four eras – the Precambrian, the Paleozoic‟ the Mesozoic, and the Cenozoic, which takes us to the present. Thus, the almost five billion years of planelary history and the 100,000 or so years of human ___(63)___ are encapsulated in a mere for categories. ___(64)___, to aid in the discussion of such vast periods of time, further division and ___(65)___ becomes necessary. Accordingly, the last three eras are further ___(66)___ into 12 periods and more than 40 epochs, each division being ___(67)___ by characteristic types of rock and plant and animal fossils.

comfortably

(B) cauriously

(D) formerly

(E) quietly

constructed

(B) accepted

(D) circulated

(E) protected

otherwise

(B) moreover

(D) besides

(E) however

existence

(B) existed

(D) existent

(E) exist

Finally

(B) Literally

(D) Approvingly

(E) Completely

specifics

(B) specification

(D) specificity

(E) specify

staged

(B) planned

(D) divided

(E) multiplied

determiner

(B) determinate

(D) determinant

(E) determined

18. “I always admire artists who succeeded in winning the Citra Trophy.”

“I’m sure they _____ for it.‟

(B) must have worked hard

(D) had rather work hard

(E) ought to work hard

(F) would have worked hard

19. Invited to present a paper in a seminar, _____.

(B) Mr Suryadi‟s soft copy of the paper was sent to the committee by email this morning

(D) The soft copy of the paper was sent by Mr. Suryadi to committee by email this morning

(E) An email with the soft copy of the paper was sent to the committee this morning

(F) Mr. Suryadi sent the soft copy of the paper to the committee by email this morning

20. Prof. Bahren was not satisfied with the data that I collected, therefore _____ to support my arguments.

(A) he had me collect more data

(B) I had him collect more data

(D) I had collected more data

(E) he had to collect more data

21. The children went on talking when the teacher came into the room; in fact, they didn‟t event stop _____ “Good morning.‟

(A) saying

(B) to say

(D) to saying

(E) to be saying

22. „You didn‟t forget your appointment, did you?‟

_____, I might have forgotten it.‟

(A) If Tom hadn‟t reminded me

(B) Had Tom reminded me

(D) When Tom didn‟t remind me.

(E) Even if Tom reminded me.

23. “Where‟s Fred? I haven‟t seen him.”

“Well, he _____ the reports when I arrived.”

(A) had typed

(B) was typing

(D) is typing

(E) typed

24. Most mangoes in Britain arrive by airfreight _____ they are still fresh when they reach the consumers.

(A) while

(B) although

(D) so that

(E) because

25. “Would you like to join us for a picnic this week-end?”

„Oh, _____ I have to prepare for my project presentation.”

(A) thanks for asking

(B) I‟m afraid I can‟t

(D) it‟s very kind of you

(E) do you want me to come?

Text I

The human body is like a machine. It needs fuel to do work. Nutrients are fuel for the body. They are chemical substances in foods thet the body needs for growth and energy. The body uses nutrients to carry out life processes. There are five kids of nutrients—carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Some foods are rich in one nutrient. Most foods contain many nutrients. A balanced diet is especially important to athletes. Athletic activities are hard work. An athlet’s body burns fuel rapidly. It requires a greater supply of fuel than does a person who is not an athlete. Eating health foods increases an athete’s power and endurance. Healthful eating helps manage weight and protect him from injuries. Most nutrition experts say that an athlete’s diet should be high in carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are nutrients that supply the body with energy. They also help build muscle. Starches such as bread and pasta are carbohydrates. They fuel the body with energy over a long periode of time. Sixty to 70 percent of the food an athlete eats should be high in carbohydrates.

Water is also important to athletes. More than two-thirds of the human body is made up of water. People lose some of thet liqiud when they swet. Athletes must replace the lost fluid. Drinking a liter of water before each compettion helps maintain the nesessasrywater balance. Regardless of the sport, every athlete should eat a meal three or four hours before competing. Fueling the body on carbohydrates, such as cereal, bread, and pasta, is important. The meal should include fruite and vegetables too. They supply the body with important minerals and add carbohydrates. Athletes should evoid sugary foods, such as candy and soft drinks. Athough they can give a quick energy “boost”, these foods also cause a subsequent energy “drop”. Most impoetantly, an athlete should drink two or three cups of caffeine-free fluids. A balanced pre-game meal helps an athlete reach peak performance.

26. the main information of the text is about .

(A) nutrients needs to fuel human body

(B) how life processes are carried out

(D) types of foods which are rich in nutrients

(E) nutrition food consumed by athletes

27. The following are the functions of nutrients for the human body, except .

(A) to give energy

(B) to ensure endurance

(D) to produce chemical substances

(E) to prevent dehydration

28. Why do athletes need a greater supply of nutrients than non-athletes?

(A) An athlete’s body burns food more easily to yield energy.

(B) The food provided for athletes is high in carbohydrates.

(D) The body should be fuelled foe a long period of time.

(E) An athlete has to control his/her weight.

29. Which is NOT icluded in the ‘pre-game diet’ for athletes?

(A) minerals

(B) hamburger

(D) oatmeal

(E) soft drinks

30. Athletes should avoid sugary foods in order that .

(A) their energy does not suddenly increase

(B) their energy does not drop after an energy boost

(D) the carbohydrates they consume do not decrease

(E) they can keep boasting their energy

Text II

(1) (2) Loaded with fragments of HIV or other pathogens, the bacteria act as a radial new kind of cheap vaccine that can be swallowed instead of injected. (3) If the vaccine causes any problems, antibiotics will destroy it. (4) The problems can vary from mild cases such as asteoarthritis to serious anes such as brain cancer. (5) One such HIV vaccine, developed by David Hone and his colleagues at the University of Maryland, Biotecnology Institute in Baltimore, is based on a weakened form of Salmonella typhi, the bacterium that caused typhoid fever. (6) Hone hopes to star testing the vaccine later this year in Nigeria and Uganda. (7) The other, developed by Yvonne Paterson and her colleagues at the University of Pensylvania Medical School in Philadelhia, is based on Listeria monocytogenes. (8) Thi bacterium can cause pregnant women to miscarry and triggers meningitis in people with weakened immunity. (9) But otherwise, it poses few problems in healthy people.

31. With which of the following senrences should the paragraph begin?

A. There are two types of bacteries that can be used to produce vaccines against deadly diseases, including AIDS.

B. There are certain characteristics of vaccines which are used against deadlydiseases, including AIDS.

C. Bacteria that cause typhoid or miscarriages are being developed to produce vaccines a gainst deadly diseases, including AIDS.

D. Several problems may arisc in the development of vaccines against deadly diseases, including AIDS.

E. There are several disadvantages of using bacteria to produce vaccines against deadly diseases, including AIDS.

32. The sentence which is irrelevant to the topic is sentence number .

(A) 3

(B) 4

(D) 6

(E) 7

Text III

All great coffee comes from the same tree, coffea Arabica. The distinguishing taste of coffee is a product of the climate, air, and soil in which it is grown. The perfect climate for coffee production exists between the latitudes of 25 degrees north and 25 degrees soulth of eguator. The coffee plant is particuler about temperature, and changes of more than 20 degree in twenty-four hours, or temperatures of over 70 degrees Fahrenheit, tend to have harmful effects on produstion. In general, coffee trees are comfortable where people are. If people feel too cold or hot, especially during flowering and friut development, the trees are not likely to do well. Altitude is an important factor, and most coffee produsing countries grade their coffees according to the altitude at which they were grown. .

33. what is the topic of the paragraph?

(A) The characteristics of coffee plantation.

(B) The influence of human life on the production of coffee.

(D) Required natural conditions for growing coffee.

(E) The importance of proper temperature in growing coffee.

34. With which of the following sentences should the paragraph end?

A. In conclusion, the taste of coffee depends on the flowering and fruit development.

B. Therefore, different types of coffee may be grown on the same plantation.

C. So, changes in temperature grearly affect the coffee produced.

D. Thus, certain conditions of the soil do not necessarily determine the quality of coffee.

E. To conclude, coffee growrs must be aware of the conditions which are necessary for yielding good coffee.

Text IV

Sister Cities International is an organization thet brings together communities from different areas and different cultures. Sister city (60) can help communites learn from other and solve problems together. These partnerships are often based on (61) project or exchanges. People share their knowledge in areas like education, government, business or technology. Building sister-city relationships was one of the ideas for the People-to-People Program created by President Dwight Eisenhower. He established the program at a White House conference (62) on September 11th and 12th 1956. President Eisenhower wanted to cannect citizens who shared an interest in other cultures. He wanted to increase international understanding and (63) through educational, cultural and humanitarian activities. He believed that citizen diplomats could help build peace. Today, 700 American communities have partnerships with almost 1,800 communities in other countries. Atlanta, Georgia, (64) , has 18 sister-city partherships. One is with Brussels, Belgium. Another is with Lagos, Nigeria. These two relationships (65) for more than thirty years. The areas they involve include economic development and trade. Sister-city partnerships usually result from local connections. Local governments also become involved and (66) provide some leadership. (67) , citizen groups are generally responsible for organizing and supporting partnerships.

35. relate

(B) relative

(D) relationship

(E) relating

36. special

(B) specialty

(D) specialist

(E) specialize

37. holding

(B) to be held

(D) being held

(E) to hold

38. agreement

(B) competition

(D) friendship

(E) necessity

39. for example

(B) however

(D) therefore

(E) such as

40. exist

(B) are existing

(D) were existing

(E) existed

41. must

(B) May

(D) Would rather

(E) Had better

42. Moreover

(B) Therefore

(D) However

(E) As a result

43. ‘ I need the report immediately, so why don’t you use your laptop computer?’

‘I can’t the battery ‘

(A) is charging

(B) to be charged

(D) is being charged

(E) charged

44. As soon as the news of the killing of the innocent prisoner spread out, people ran through the streets, breaking windows, setting fire to cars, and .

(A) the destruction was on everything in their path

(B) the destroying of everything was in their path

(D) everything in their path was in destruction

(E) everything in their path was destroyed

45. ‘Many in Sidoarjo are looking forward to a good solution to the mud problem.

(A) witness

(B) witnessing

(D) be witnessing

(E) have witnessed

46. ‘We are planning to develop a program for marking language tests.’

(A) That’s not surprising

(B) How difficult is it?

(D) How fast can it go?

(E) What’s so good about it?

47. ‘Have you offered your guest something to drink?’

‘Yes. I have. I have asked her she’d like coffee or tea.’

(A) what

(B) that

(D) whether

(E) why

48. I couldn’t understend the manual of the videophone, so I for me.

(A) Had translated it with my friend

(B) Had to translate it without problems

(D) Had translated it by my friend

(E) Had to translate it with my friend

49. the biggest star in the sky, the Dog Star has an absolute magnitude about twenty-three times that of the Sun.

(A) To be

(B) Being

(D) Be

(E) Which is

50. If I miss the math class, I don’t feel sorry, for anyway.

(A) I don’t have to study math

(B) it is not a easy subject

(D) I don’t like it

(E) the teacher is very smart.

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